Bring a large pot of well salted water to a boil.
Lightly toast the pine nuts in a medium skillet over medium heat. Stir them frequently so they don’t burn, then transfer to a bowl.
¼ cup pine nuts
Heat 3 tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil in the same skillet. Add the panko with a pinch of salt and cook, stirring frequently, until deeply golden and crisp, about 3-5 minutes. Transfer to a bowl.
6 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil, ½ cup panko breadcrumbs, kosher salt
Add the raisins and saffron threads to a bowl, then cover with the white wine. Microwave for one minute, stirring once halfway through, then let sit so the raisins plump while you prepare the sauce. Alternatively, you can heat them in a small saucepan over medium- low heat.
¼ cup raisins, 1 large pinch saffron threads, ¾ cup dry white wine
Meanwhile, heat 3 tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil in a wide skillet over medium heat. Add the fennel, onion and a pinch of salt. Cook, stirring often, until very soft and lightly golden, about 8-10 minutes.
1 fennel, 1 small yellow onion
Add the garlic and anchovies and cook for about 1 minute, stirring, until the anchovies dissolve into the oil. Adjust the heat as needed so the garlic does not brown.
4 cloves garlic, 4 anchovy fillets
Add the sardines, breaking them up slightly, along with the raisins, saffron and wine. Simmer gently for 2-3 minutes to let the flavors meld. Season with black pepper and taste for salt.
1 4-5 ounce can sardines, Freshly cracked black pepper
Cook the pasta just shy of al dente according to package instructions. Reserve about 1 cup of pasta water before draining.
½ pound bucatini
Add the drained pasta directly to the skillet along with a splash of pasta water. Toss continuously until the sauce lightly coats the noodles. Add more pasta water as needed to keep it glossy and fluid.
Stir in half of the toasted breadcrumbs and half of the pine nuts.
Twirl the pasta into bowls and finish with the remaining breadcrumbs and pine nuts on top, along with the reserved fennel fronds and an extra drizzle of olive oil if desired.